Microscopic superfluidity in 4He clusters stirred by a rotating impurity molecule

The effective moment of inertia of a CO impurity molecule in 4HeN and p-(H2)N solvent clusters initially increases with N but then commences a nonclassical decrease at N=4 (4He) or N=6 (p-H2). This suggests molecule-solvent decoupling and a transition to microscopic superfluidity. However, the quant...

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Veröffentlicht in:Physical review letters 2014-04, Vol.112 (14), p.143401-143401
Hauptverfasser: Wairegi, Angeline, Gamboa, Antonio, Burbanks, Andrew D, Lee, Ernestine A, Farrelly, David
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:The effective moment of inertia of a CO impurity molecule in 4HeN and p-(H2)N solvent clusters initially increases with N but then commences a nonclassical decrease at N=4 (4He) or N=6 (p-H2). This suggests molecule-solvent decoupling and a transition to microscopic superfluidity. However, the quantum decoupling mechanism has not been elucidated. To understand the decoupling mechanism, a one-dimensional model is introduced in which the 4He atoms are confined to a ring. This model captures the physics and shows that decoupling happens primarily because of bosonic solvent-solvent repulsion. Quantum Monte Carlo and basis set calculations suggest that the system can be modeled as a stirred Tonks-Girardeau gas. This allows the N-particle time-dependent Schrödinger equation to be solved directly. Computations of the integrated particle current reveal a threshold for stirring and current generation, indicative of superfluidity.
ISSN:1079-7114