Membrane Perforation and Recovery Dynamics in Microbubble-Mediated Sonoporation
Abstract Transient sonoporation can essentially be epitomized by two fundamental processes: acoustically induced membrane perforation and its subsequent resealing. To provide insight into these processes, this article presents a new series of direct evidence on the membrane-level dynamics during and...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Ultrasound in medicine & biology 2013-12, Vol.39 (12), p.2393-2405 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Abstract Transient sonoporation can essentially be epitomized by two fundamental processes: acoustically induced membrane perforation and its subsequent resealing. To provide insight into these processes, this article presents a new series of direct evidence on the membrane-level dynamics during and after an episode of sonoporation. Our direct observations were obtained from anchored fetal fibroblasts whose membrane topography was imaged in situ using real-time confocal microscopy. To facilitate controlled sonoporation at the single-cell level, microbubbles that can passively adhere to the cell membrane were first introduced at a 1:1 cell-to-bubble ratio. Single-pulse ultrasound exposure (1-MHz frequency, 10-cycle pulse duration, 0.85-MPa peak negative pressure in situ ) was then applied to trigger microbubble pulsation/collapse, which, in turn, instigated membrane perforation. With this protocol, five membrane-level phenomena were observed: (i) localized perforation of the cell membrane was synchronized with the instant of ultrasound pulsing; (ii) perforation sites with temporal peak area 100 μm2 ) or in the absence of extracellular calcium ions. These findings serve to underscore the spatiotemporal complexity of membrane-level dynamics in sonoporation. |
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ISSN: | 0301-5629 1879-291X |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.08.003 |