Online Damage Control: The Effects of Proactive Versus Reactive Webcare Interventions in Consumer-generated and Brand-generated Platforms

Web 2.0 has empowered consumers to voice complaints with reduced costs (physical and psychological), and to share these with a multitude of other consumers on the Internet. As a public phenomenon, online complaints have a negative impact on consumers' evaluations of brands that are under attack in online complaints. By means of an experiment, we study the most effective means for companies to counter complaints as expressed in negative electronic word of mouth (NWOM). The results show that negative brand evaluations engendered by NWOM can be attenuated by webcare interventions dependent on type of strategy (proactive vs. reactive) and platform used (consumer-generated vs. brand-generated blog). This effect appeared to be mediated by conversational human voice. The findings are discussed in the light of practical implications for online complaint management. ► Effects of webcare in response to negative word of mouth (NWOM) were studied. ► Webcare engenders positive brand evaluations, thus mitigates NWOM effects. ► Reactive webcare counters negative NWOM effects in consumer and branded platforms. ► Proactive webcare counters negative NWOM effects only in brand-generated platforms. ► Perceived human voice in webcare explains these effects.