Infectious diseases detection by microarray: An overview of clinical relevant infections

Microarray technology is a powerful tool to investigate whole genome expression profiles to study the crosstalk between pathogens and associated hosts that cause illness. Microarrays have been used in several comparative genome hybridization studies of pathogens. In addition to detection and identification of pathogens, microarrays are ideal for characterizing genetic differences between bacteria isolates of the same species to the strain level. Furthermore, the use of microarrays has been gaining importance in the detection of viral agents. Here we explore the use of microarrays for simultaneous detection of viruses and modifications made over these techniques. Microarray technology has also been incorporated to compensate for time-consuming sequencing. The procedure of fungi identification based on sequences and studies reported the use of microarrays to identify pathogenic yeasts and molds by targeting the internal transcribed spacer regions in fungal rRNA genes. The remarkable advancement in genomics over the last decade has made it possible for microarray technology to evolve towards being the best option for clinical diagnostics because they have several advantages.