Signature fatty acids in the polar lipids of acid‐producing Thiobacillus spp.: Methoxy, cyclopropyl, alpha‐hydroxy‐cyclopropyl and branched and normal monoenoic fatty acids

The polar lipids of 5 species of Thiobacillus were extracted and purified. An analysis of the fatty acid composition of the polar lipids documented the presence of methoxy, cyclopropyl, monounsaturated and hydroxycyclopropyl fatty acids of sufficiently unusual structure to serve as ‘signatures’ for the presence of these organisms in environmental samples. The structures of the unusual fatty acids of the polar lipids were confirmed by mass spectrometry (MS) after isolation by capillary gas chromatography (GC).