Effects of hydrologic changes on aboveground production and surface water chemistry in two boreal peatlands in Alberta : Implications for global warming

Aboveground net primary production (NPP) and surface water chemistryvariables were monitored in a lacustrine sedge fen and a bog for four years.There were no significant differences in precipitation, mean growing seasonannual temperature, and number of growing degree days from 1991 to 1994. Themean annual water levels in the lacustrine sedge fen differed significantly,whereas they were similar in the bog during these four years. We measured 15surface water variables in the lacustrine sedge fen and the bog, and foundthat only two correlated significantly with water level fluctuations. In thelacustrine sedge fen, calcium correlated positively (r^sup 2^= 0.56) and nitrate correlated negatively (r^sup 2^ =0.20) with water levels. In the bog, potassium correlated positively(r^sup 2^ = 0.88) and total dissolved phosphorus correlatednegatively (r^sup 2^ = 0.62) with water levels. The remainingchemical variables showed no significant correlations with water levelfluctuations. Net primary production of the different vegetation strataappeared to respond to different environmental variables. In the lacustrinesedge fen, graminoid production was explained to a significant degree bywater levels (r^sup 2^ = 0.53), whereas shrub production wasexplained to a significant degree by surface water chemistry variables, suchas nitrate (r^sup 2^ = 0.74) and total phosphorus(r^sup 2^ = 0.22). In the bog, temperature was the onlyvariable that explained moss production to a significant degree(r^sup 2^ = 0.71), whereas ammonium explained graminoidproduction (r^sup 2^ = 0.66) and soluble reactive phosphorusexplained shrub production to significant degrees (r^sup 2^ =0.71). There are few direct data on the impact of climatic warming in borealwetlands, although paleoecological and 2×CO^sub 2^ model datahave provided some indications of past and possibly future changes invegetation composition, respectively. Our results suggest that thelacustrine sedge fen may succeed to a bog dominated by Sphagnum spp. andPicea mariana, whereas the bog may succeed to an upland-type forestecosystem.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]