Cervical nitric oxide metabolite levels and clinical variables as predictive factors of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Purpose To create a prediction model of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) based on clinical variables and the cervical nitric oxide metabolite (NOx) levels of study participants. Methods This comparative study included 694 women undergoing colposcopy due to abnormal pap smear results. On the basis of the cervical biopsy results, the women were divided into the ≤CIN 1 or CIN 2–3 group. The two groups were compared in terms of cervical NOx levels and clinical variables. Univariate, multivariate, and receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis were performed. Results Multivariate analysis showed that CIN 2–3 associated with more than two cervical biopsies [odds ratio (OR) = 5.16], high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cytology (OR = 16.19), condom non-use (OR = 4.28), cervical NOx levels ≤99.9 μmol/L (OR = 16.62), more than four lifetime male sexual partners (OR = 10.56), and age at first coitus of ≤15 years old (OR = 3.54). This combined model had a sensitivity of 86.49 %, a specificity of 90.74 %, a positive predictive value of 64.0 %, and a negative predictive value of 97.2 %. Conclusions In the present sample, high-grade CIN associated with decreased cervical NOx levels. Thus, along with some clinical variables, cervical NOx levels may be an additional marker of cervical dysplasia.