Women's Associations and the Emergence of a Social State: Protection for Mothers and Children in Buenos Aires, 1920–1940

This paper examines the women's association movement in Buenos Aires between 1920 and 1940, and its connection with the emergence of a social state. Subsidised by the state, associations led by upper-class women provided a significant number of social assistance services to mothers, working wom...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of Latin American studies 2013-05, Vol.45 (2), p.297-324
1. Verfasser: TOSSOUNIAN, CECILIA
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:This paper examines the women's association movement in Buenos Aires between 1920 and 1940, and its connection with the emergence of a social state. Subsidised by the state, associations led by upper-class women provided a significant number of social assistance services to mothers, working women and children, and had a notable impact on the design of social policy. While historiography concurs that by 1930 the significance of this charitably oriented women's movement had started to decline, being replaced by public welfare services, this paper seeks to question such a conclusion by analysing three of the most important women's social welfare associations in the period and showing how, having become the maternal face of the state, they retained a central role in the provision of social assistance until well into the 1930s, thus helping to prevent the state from becoming a ‘colossal bureaucratic machine’. Este artículo aborda el movimiento asociacionista femenino entre 1920 y 1940 en Buenos Aires y su relación con el surgimiento de un Estado social. Subsidiadas por el Estado, las asociaciones lideradas por las damas de la elite proveyeron de una importante cantidad de servicios de asistencia social para las madres, mujeres trabajadoras y niños y tuvieron una fuerte impronta en el diseño de políticas sociales. Si la historiografía concuerda en señalar que para 1930 la importancia del movimiento de mujeres comenzó a declinar, siendo reemplazada por los servicios de asistencia social públicos, este artículo pretende problematizar esta conclusión a través del análisis de tres de las asociaciones más importantes del período, dando cuenta de cómo éstas, convertidas en la faz maternal del Estado, mantuvieron un rol central en la provisión de asistencia social hasta bien entrada la década del treinta, contribuyendo así a que el Estado no se transformara en una ‘colosal máquina burocrática’. Este artigo examina o movimento de associação de mulheres entre 1920 e 1940 em Buenos Aires e sua conexão com a emergência de um estado social. Subsidiadas pelo estado, associações lideradas por mulheres da classe alta forneceram um número significativo de serviços de assistência social às mães, mulheres trabalhadoras e crianças e tiveram um impacto notável no planejamento de políticas sociais. Enquanto a historiografia concorda que até 1930 o significado deste movimento de mulheres com orientações filantrópicas começou a decair, sendo substituído por serviços estatais do bem-es
ISSN:0022-216X
1469-767X
DOI:10.1017/S0022216X13000394