The voltammetric approach in trace metal chemistry of natural waters and atmospheric precipitation

Advanced voltammetry, predominantly in the differential-pulse mode, has become one of the most significant and suitable methods for investigations of the level, fate and transfer of heavy metals with toxicological significance in the ecology of aquatic systems and atmospheric precipitations. In addition, voltammetry offers particular potentialities for studies of heavy metal speciation in natural waters. The salient aspects of the overall analytical procedure are discussed. The substantial possibilities for application are emphasized by a number of examples taken from recent work.