Alternaria mycotoxins in wheat a A 10 years survey in the Northeast ofANBGermany

Although, the genus Alternaria is considered to be an important plant pathogen and capable to produce mycotoxins, the presence of Alternaria mycotoxins in cereals has been largely ignored both in Europe and overseas. This is very likely due to a lack of survey data. This study aimed at filling this...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Food control 2013-11, Vol.34 (1), p.191-197
Hauptverfasser: Mueller, Marina EH, Korn, Ulrike
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:Although, the genus Alternaria is considered to be an important plant pathogen and capable to produce mycotoxins, the presence of Alternaria mycotoxins in cereals has been largely ignored both in Europe and overseas. This is very likely due to a lack of survey data. This study aimed at filling this gap by investigating a total of 1064 freshly harvested winter wheat samples from commercial farms in different regions of the State of Brandenburg (Germany) in the years from 2001 to 2010. We analysed alternariol (AOH), its monomethyl ether (AME), altenuene (ALT, since 2006) and tenuazonic acid (TeA) by a HPLC method with diodeANBarray and fluorescence detection. The most frequently found A. mycotoxin was TeA. An amount of 322 out of 1064 samples (30.3%) were naturally contaminated by TeA, 86 out of 1064 by AOH (8.1%), 33 out of 1064 by AME (3.1%) and 7 out of 267 samples (2.6%) were contaminated by ALT. The maximum toxin contents in all years were 4224ANB mu g TeA kg-1, 832ANB mu g AOH kg-1, 905ANB mu g AME kg-1 and 197ANB mu g ALT kg-1. A co-occurrence of several A. mycotoxins in wheat samples was infrequent: only three samples were contaminated by all the four toxins, 14 by three toxins, 61 by two toxins and 273 samples by only one toxin. The contamination of wheat ears in the State of Brandenburg in the wet years 2010, 2009 and 2002 were most pronounced, whereas 2001 and 2008 were A. atoxin freea years. The accumulation of TeA in freshly harvested wheat kernels seems to depend on preceding crop and tillage. Minimum tillage practices and maize as well as winter wheat as preceding crops led to increased TeA concentrations in wheat. A co-occurrence of mycotoxins produced by several mycotoxigenic fungi, e.g. Fusarium and Alternaria spp., is discussed.
ISSN:0956-7135