Cross-cultural validation of the Patient–Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS)

Abstract Objectives Translate, adapt and validate the Patient–Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS) for use in Brazil. Methods The PPOS was translated to Portuguese using a modified Delphi technique. The final version was applied to 360 participants. Reliability (test–retest and internal consistency) and construct validity (explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis) were assessed. Results Only two items did not reach pre-established criteria agreement in Delphi technique. In pre-testing, seven items were modified. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.605) and test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.670) were adequate. In explanatory factor analysis, one item did not achieve a loading factor, one item was considered factorially complex and two items were inconsistent with a priori factors. Confirmatory factor analysis provided an acceptable adjustment for the observed variables ( χ2 / df = 2.33; GFI = 0.91; AGFI = 0.89; CFI = 0.84; NFI = 0.75; NNFI = 0.81; RMSEA = 0.062 ( p = 0.016) and SRMR = 0.065). Conclusions The Brazilian version PPOS (B-PPOS) showed acceptable validity and adequate reliability. Practice implications The use of the B-PPOS in national and cross-cultural studies may contribute to the evaluation and monitoring of the attitudes of doctors, medical students and patients toward their professional relationships in research and practice.