PREVALENCE OF DRUG-RESISTANT STRAINS OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE IN ABAKALIKI

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of illness such as pneumonia, meningitis, bacteremia and otitis media in children and the elderly. The emergence of drug-resistant strains threatens to complicate the management of these diseases. The researchers conducted a hospital-based surveillance for drug-resistant Strep. Pneumoniae in out-patients with pneumococcal infection in Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria. Between 2003-2005 from January through December, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki to assess the prevalence of drug resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from sputum samples of patients with pneumococcal infections attending the outpatient clinics. Susceptibility studies showed that the highest resistance was 182 (59.6%), for penicillin followed by septrin 156 (51.2%), erythromycin 120(39.3%), clavulanic/amoxicillin 118(38.7%), cefotaxime 114(37.4%), clarithromycin 100(32.7%), ciprofloxacin 94(30.8%), gentamycin 75(24.6%), cefuroxime 70(22.9%) and ceftriaxone 69(22.6%). The prevalence of S. pneumoniae resistance was relatively high and we suggest that proper antibiotics use should be adopted to avert development of multi-drug resistant strains in future.