Trends in Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty in Pediatric Patients

Objective To evaluate the incidence of pediatric robotic-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasties (RALPs) and to determine if there were regional or age-related trends associated with the performance of RALP. Methods Using 2005-2010 data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), the incidence of and trends in pyeloplasty in patients less than 18 years of age were assessed. This was broken down by open, laparoscopic, and robotic techniques when possible. Multiple logistic regression determined which characteristics were associated with increased performance of RALP. Population weighting was used to estimate national rates. Results A total of 15,498 pediatric pyeloplasties were performed between 2005 and 2010. Coding for robotics began at the end of 2008, and, since then, 750 of the 5557 pediatric pyeloplasties were robotic. The rate of RALP remained unchanged from 2008-2010 (odds ratio [OR] 0.93, P = .051); however, there was an overall increase in minimally invasively procedures (RALP or laparoscopic) since 2005 (OR 1.4, P