Impact of hepatitis C virus infection on clinical outcome in recipients after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation

The impact of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection on outcomes following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) remains a matter of debate. We have retrospectively examined the significance of HCV infection among recipients who received allogeneic HCT, using a Japan transplant outcome registry database between 2006 and 2009. Among 7,831 recipients, 136 were HCV‐positive. The rate of hematopoietic recovery was lower in the HCV‐positive group (neutrophil recovery of 500 × 106/L or higher: 79% vs. 87% at Day 30, P = 0.087; platelet recovery of 50 × 109/L or higher: 57% vs. 65% at Day 60, P = 0.012). The HCV‐positive group had a significantly higher incidence of nonrelapse mortality 38% vs. 25% at 2 years, P