Temporal analysis of intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity characterized by textural features in cervical cancer

Purpose The aim of this pilot study was to explore heterogeneity in the temporal behavior of intratumoral [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation at a regional scale in patients with cervical cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy. Methods Included in the study were 20 patients with FIGO stages IB1 to IVA cervical cancer treated with combined chemoradiotherapy. Patients underwent FDG PET/CT before treatment, during weeks 2 and 4 of treatment, and 12 weeks after completion of therapy. Patients were classified based on response to therapy as showing a complete metabolic response (CMR), a partial metabolic response (PMR), or residual disease and the development of new disease (NEW). Based on the presence of residual primary tumor following therapy, patients were divided into two groups, CMR and PMR/NEW. Temporal profiles of intratumoral FDG heterogeneity as characterized by textural features at a regional scale were assessed and compared with those of the standardized uptake value (SUV) indices (SUV max and SUV mean ) within the context of differentiating response groups. Results Textural features at a regional scale with emphasis on characterizing contiguous regions of high uptake in tumors decreased significantly with time ( P