A randomised clinical trial of the effect of low-level laser therapy for perineal pain and healing after episiotomy: A pilot study

to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy for perineal pain and healing after episiotomy. a double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial comparing perineal pain scores and episiotomy healing in women treated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and with the simulation of the treatment. the study was conducted in the Birth Centre and rooming-in units of Amparo Maternal, a maternity service located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. fifty-two postpartum women who had had mediolateral episiotomies during their first normal delivery were randomly divided into two groups of 26: an experimental group and a control group. in the experimental group, the women were treated with LLLT. Irradiation was applied at three points directly on the episiotomy after the suture and in three postpartum sessions: up to 2hrs postpartum, between 20 and 24hrs postpartum and between 40 and 48hrs postpartum. The LLLT was performed with diode laser, with a wavelength of 660nm (red light), spot size of 0.04cm2, energy density of 3.8J/cm2, radiant power of 15mW and 10s per point, which resulted in an energy of 0.15J per point and a total energy of 0.45J per session. The control group participants also underwent three treatment sessions, but without the emission of radiation (simulation group), to assess the possible effects of placebo treatment. perineal pain scores, rated on a scale from 0 to 10, were evaluated before and immediately after the irradiation in the three sessions. The healing process was assessed using the REEDA scale (Redness, Edema, Echymosis, Discharge Aproximation) before each laser therapy session and 15 and 20 days after the women's discharge. comparing the pain scores before and after the LLLT sessions, the experimental group presented a significant within-group reduction in mean pain scores after the second and third sessions (p=0.003 and p