Lower limb compartment syndrome after femoral artery cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass

Theoretically a younger patient with a lack of established collateral circulation would be more prone to this type of ischemic-reperfusion injury. [...]a prolonged period of ischemic occlusion of the cannulated limb, perhaps required for a more complex cardiovascular operation and repair, would result in greater risk for development of this particular complication. If undetected, myonecrosis from compartment syndrome can lead to myoglobinuric acute renal failure, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, severe functional deficits of the affected limb, limb loss, and even death.1 ECS typically occurs after physical trauma such as a crush injury or after acute thromboembolic vascular occlusion followed by limb reperfusion.