End-stage renal disease is associated with worse outcomes in hospitalized patients with peptic ulcer bleeding

Background Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are at increased risk of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). To our knowledge, there are no population-based studies of the impact of ESRD on PUB. Objective To determine nationwide impact of ESRD on outcomes of hospitalized patients with PUB. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Hospitals from a 2008 Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Patients We used the International Classification of Diseases, the 9th Revision, Clinical Modification codes to identify patients who had a primary discharge diagnosis of PUB. Main Outcome Measurement In-hospital mortality, length of stay, and hospitalization charges. Interventions Comparison of PUB outcomes in patients with and without ESRD. Results Of a total of 102,525 discharged patients with PUB, 3272 had a diagnosis of both PUB and ESRD, whereas 99,253 had a diagnosis of PUB alone without ESRD. The mortality of ESRD patients with PUB was significantly higher than that of the control group without ESRD (4.8% vs 1.9%, P < .0001). On multivariate analysis, patients with PUB and ESRD had greater mortality than patients admitted to the hospital with PUB alone (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-3.4), were more likely to undergo surgery (aOR 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7), and had a longer hospital stay (aOR 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2-2.9). These patients also incurred higher hospitalization charges ($54,668 vs $32,869, P < .01) compared with patients with PUB alone. Limitations Administrative data set. Conclusions ESRD is associated with a significant health care burden in hospitalized patients with PUB. The presence of ESRD contributes to a higher mortality rate, longer hospital stay, and increased need for surgery.