Tbilisi's climatic-landscape peculiarities and their dynamics

The current condition and development tendencies of natural environment of capital of Georgia - Tbilisi are directly connected with the anthropogenesis. Analyze of changing of environment peculiarities of rapid expansion of Tbilisi city and according to it revealing its landscape-climatic changes is the aim of the research paper. The diverse landscape of Tbilisi suburbs is represented by forests, forest-steppes, steppes, shrubs, etc. The variety can be attributed to complex reliefs geological structure, diversity of climate, flora and fauna, and to the location between two different geostructural areas - the mountain system (Trialeti, Saguramo-Ialno) and intermountain valleys (Mameuli and Gardabani lowlands). Natural landscapes have been partly preserved in the city suburbs, but even they are gradually being replaced by new anthropogenic landscapes: new roads and residential and industrial zones. According to the data prior to 2007, the city territory totaled 372 km2, while presently, under the modified municipal decree, it is 504 km2. Transformation of natural landscape of territory of Tbilisi into the anthropogenic one, has changed the physical condition of underlying surface. Especially, heat balance of the city was changed, which was followed by increase in air mean temperature (0.4-0.5 degrees C) and precipitation and reduction of wind speed.