Effect of illumination on the space charge limited current in organic bulk heterojunction diodes

Current–voltage ( J – V ) characteristics of organic bulk heterojunction diodes based on an interpenetrating network of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C 61 -butyric acid methyl esters (PCBM) have been studied in the dark and under halogen lamp illumination. The diodes contained 1:1 and 1:0.6 weight ratios of P3HT and PCBM. For both diodes the currents measured in dark ( J d , commonly known as the dark current) in forward bias are found to agree with the space charge limited current (SCLC). The illuminated current consists of a current due to applied voltage ( J da ) and the light generated current ( J L ). J da extracted from the illuminated current agrees well with Shockley’s diffusion and recombination current. This observation shows that illumination changes the SCLC into Shockley’s diffusion and recombination current. The forward current under illumination has been observed to be greater than the dark current, which is contrary to the photo–voltaic (PV) theory. This result is well explained by the change of SCLC into Shockley’s diffusion and recombination current.