Spatial Organization of Lipid Phases in Micropatterned Polymer-Supported Membranes

We have established an approach for the spatial control of lipid phase separation in tethered polymer-supported membranes (PSMs), which were obtained by vesicle fusion on a poly(ethylene glycol) polymer brush functionalized with fatty acid moieties. Phase separation of ternary lipid mixtures (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/sphingomyelin/cholesterol) into liquid-disordered (ld) and liquid-ordered (lo) phases within both leaflets was obtained with palmitic acid as the anchoring group. In contrast, tethering of the PSM with oleic acid interfered with the phase separation in the surface-proximal leaflet. We exploited this feature for the assembly of lo domains within PSMs into defined structures by binary micropatterning of palmitic and oleic acid into complementary areas. Ternary lipid mixtures spontaneously separated into lo and ld phases controlled by the geometry of the underlying tethers. Transmembrane proteins reconstituted in these phase-separated PSMs strictly partitioned into the ld phase. Hence, the lo phase could be used for confining transmembrane proteins into microscopic and submicroscopic domains.