THE APPLICATION OF STEAM TO CANALS.---NO. 3

In 1818, John Scott patented an arrangement by which forked poles, operated by wheels, push against the bottom of the canal, and, in case the depth is unusual, broad vanes, at the ends of the poles, thrust against the water, and are lifted into the air for the return. We also find in this year hinged floats fixed to a reciprocating chain under the vessel. Two years later, George Lilley and James Fraser recommend the application of a forcing pump to constantly supply water to a cistern upon the deck of a boat; while...