Early probiotic supplementation for allergy prevention: Long-term outcomes

Characteristic Year 1 Year 2.5 Year 5 Control(n = 87) Probiotic(n = 88) P value Control(n = 76) Probiotic(n = 77) P value Control(n = 57) Probiotic(n = 66) P value At birth          Boys 44/87 (51) 42/88 (48) .76 39/76 (51) 35/77 (45) .52 27/57 (47) 30/66 (45) .86 Gestation wk 39.44 (0.11) 39.31 (0.12) .43 39.49 (0.12) 39.29 (0.13) .24 39.43 (0.14) 39.36 (0.13) .72 Vaginal delivery 43/87 (49) 55/88 (63) .10 36/76 (47) 48/77 (62) .14 27/54 (48) 44/66 (67) .04 Weight (g) 3521.05 (44.35) 3419.11 (48.35) .12 3482.38 (45.12) 3395.72 (51.55) .21 3514.79 (54.38) 3412.37 (57.67) .20 Length (cm) 50.46 (0.22) 49.66 (0.24) .02 50.38 (0.25) 49.67 (0.25) .045 50.48 (0.28) 49.65 (0.27) .03 Head circumference 35.20 (0.12) 34.81 (0.15) .04 35.13 (0.13) 34.71 (0.16) .04 35.24 (0.14) 34.78 (0.17) .04 Parity 39/87 (45) 42/88 (48) .70 34/76 (45) 37/77 (48) .75 26/57 (46) 33/66 (50) .72 Maternal antibiotics while breast-feeding 0-6 mo 36/86 (42) 37/88 (42) 1.00 32/74 (43) 33/77 (43) 1.00 22/56 (39) 30/66 (45) .58 Maternal age (y) 32.37 (0.49) 33.48 (.50) .12 32.11 (0.58) 33.71 (0.55) .046 32.86 (0.58) 33.56 (0.61) .41 Paternal atopy 42/87 (48) 44/87 (51) .88 37/75 (49) 40/76 (53) .75 26/57 (46) 35/65 (54) .47 At respective age          Ever breast-fed 85/87 (98) 88/89 (99) .62 74/76 (97) 76/77 (99) .62 55/57 (96) 66/66 (100) .21 Ever had formula 73/87 (84) 72/88 (82) .84 66/76 (87) 61/75 (81) .38 48/56 (86) 54/66 (82) .63 Ever had antibiotics 41/87 (47) 49/88 (56) .29 59/76 (78) 65/76 (86) .30 52/57 (91) 63/66 (95) .47 Pets in household 40/86 (47) 46/88 (52) .45 32/73 (44) 34/74 (46) .87 24/55 (44) 33/66 (50) .46 Play group attendance 52/86 (60) 55/88 (63) .88 39/75 (51) 45/75 (60) .41 16/52 (31) 17/60 (28) .84 Day care attendance 26/86 (30) 26/88 (30) 1.00 38/75 (51) 46/75 (61) .25 23/53 (43) 28/62 (45) 1.00 Table E3 Baseline characteristics of children completing year-1, year-2.5, or year-5 clinics Unless otherwise stated values are presented as number of children/sample size (%).Boldface indicates statistically significant relationship.