High levels of very long-chain saturated fatty acid in erythrocytes correlates with atherogenic lipoprotein profiles in subjects with metabolic syndrome

Abstract Aim Very long chain saturated fatty acid (VLCFA) levels in erythrocytes are associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the relationship between levels of the VLCFA ligonoceric acid (C24:0) in erythrocytes and the atherogenic lipoprotein profiles and inflammatory state in MS remain unclear. Methods Based on the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition of MS, 195 apparently healthy males were assigned to either an MS group ( n = 38) or a non-MS group ( n = 157). Fatty acid composition of erythrocytes was determined by gas liquid chromatography. Results Erythrocytes from the MS group had a significantly higher level of C24:0 than cells from the non-MS group (4.06 ± 0.48% versus 3.88 ± 0.34%; p = 0.03). C24:0 levels were significantly correlated with several components of MS. The C24:0 levels showed a significant negative correlation with LDL and HDL particle size. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that C24:0 levels were independently correlated with LDL particle size after adjusting for age and each MS criterion. C24:0 levels were also positively correlated with log-transformed high-sensitivity CRP levels ( p = 0.04). Conclusion C24:0 levels in erythrocytes are associated with specific atherogenic lipoprotein profiles and inflammation status in subjects with MS.