Prestyloid compartment of the parapharyngeal space: a histological study using late-stage human fetuses

Purpose Although the prestyloid space is well known, its definition still remains unclear. Methods Using semiserial sagittal sections of 15 late-stage human fetal heads, we studied details of the topographical anatomy. Results A definite posterior marginal fascia of the space was seen along the anterior aspect of the stylopharyngeus and styloglossus muscles. Inferiorly, the prestyloid space faced the bucallis and medial pterygoid muscles and the submandibular gland. The external carotid artery ran along the posterolateral side of the space. The tensor veli palatini fascia did not contribute to the posterior marginal fascia. A major supplying artery of the space was the ascending palatine artery. Conclusions The prestyloid compartment of the parapharyngeal space (hereafter, the prestyloid space) seems to correspond to a border between the first and second pharyngeal arch derivatives. This concept may provide a better understanding of prestyloid space.