Immunohistochemical Distribution of Somatostatin and Somatostatin Receptor Subtypes (SSTR1–5) in Hypothalamus of ApoD Knockout Mice Brain

In the present study, the expression of somatostatin (SST) and somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTR1–5) was determined in the hypothalamus of wild-type ( wt ) and apolipoprotein D knockout (ApoD −/− ) mice brain. SST-like immunoreactivity, while comparable in most regions of hypothalamus, diminished significantly in arcuate nucleus of ApoD −/− mice. SSTR1 strongly localized in all major hypothalamic nuclei as well as in the median eminence and ependyma of the third ventricle of wt mice brain. SSTR1-like immunoreactivity increases in hypothalamus except in paraventricular nucleus of ApoD −/− mice. SSTR2 was well expressed in most of the hypothalamic regions whereas it decreases significantly in ventromedial and arcuate nucleus of ApoD −/− mice. SSTR3 and SSTR4-like immunoreactivity increases in ApoD −/− mice in all major nuclei of hypothalamus, median eminence, and ependymal cells of third ventricle. SSTR5 is well expressed in ventromedial and arcuate nucleus whereas weakly expressed in paraventricular nucleus. In comparison to wt , ApoD −/− mice exhibit increased SSTR5-like immunoreactivity in paraventricular nuclei and decreased receptor expression in ventromedial hypothalamus and arcuate nucleus. In conclusion, the changes in hypothalamus of ApoD −/− mice may indicate potential role of ApoD in regulation of endocrine functions of somatostatin in a receptor-dependent manner.