Lipid and fatty acid composition, and persistent organic pollutant levels in tissues of migrating Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus, L.) broodstock

Lipid class, fatty acid and POP levels were measured in migrating Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT) tissues caught off the Barbate coast, Spain. Tissue lipids were largely characterized by triacylglycerol, reflecting large energy reserves accumulated prior to reproductive migration. Fatty acid compositions of muscle, liver and adipose exhibited similar profiles, whereas gonads showed a higher affinity for docosahexaenoic acid. Tissue POP concentrations correlated positively with percentage triacylglycerol and negatively with polar lipids. Highest POP concentrations were in adipose and lowest in gonads, reflecting lipid content. DL-PCBs contributed most to total PCDD/F + DL-PCB levels, with mono-ortho concentrations higher in tissues, whereas non-ortho PCBs contributed greater WHO-TEQs due to differences in TEFs. PBDE47 was the most prominent BDE congener in tissues, probably through biotransformation of BDE99 and other higher brominated congeners. The perceived POP risk from ABT consumption should be balanced by the well-established beneficial effects on human health of omega-3 fatty acids. ► Lipid classes, fatty acids and POPs were measured in Atlantic bluefin tuna tissues. ► Lowest POP concentrations were detected in gonads and highest in adipose. ► POP concentrations correlated positively with percentage triacylglycerol. ► The DL-PCBs contributed most to total PCDD/F + DL-PCB concentrations and TEQ levels. ► We assess the risk-benefit to human health associated with ABT consumption. Lipids, fatty acids (particularly omega-3) and POPs were determined in Atlantic bluefin tuna to examine tissue distribution, and assess the risk-benefit to human health.