Genetic variability of the Asian arowana, Scleropages formosus, based on mitochondrial DNA genes

The present study examined the genetic variation in the mitochondrial 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 (cox3) genes among three varieties of Scleropages formosus, and their phylogenetic relationships were constructed. Among all the examined isolates of S. formosus, sequence variation ranged from 0 to 1.66% for 12S, from 0 to 2.4% for 16S and from 0 to 3.2% for pcox3. AMOVA analysis of the three mtDNA genes showed that the majority of the total molecular variation occurred among varieties within the groups (55.6%) with 48.4% of variation within the varieties. Additionally, a significant genetic differentiation (P