Capability of Lactobacillus plantarum IFPL935 To Catabolize Flavan-3-ol Compounds and Complex Phenolic Extracts

Lactobacillus plantarum IFPL935 was incubated with individual monomeric flavan-3-ols and dimeric A- and B-type procyanidins to identify new metabolites and to determine the effect of compound structural features on bacterial growth and catabolism. Complex extracts rich in A-type proanthocyanidins and phenolic acids from cranberry were also tested. The results showed that L. plantarum IFPL935 exhibited higher resistance to nongalloylated monomeric flavan-3-ols, A-type dimeric procyanidins, and cranberry extract than to (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate and B-type dimeric procyanidins. Despite these findings, the strain was capable of rapidly degrading (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, but not A- or B-type dimeric procyanidins. However, it was able to produce large changes in the phenolic profile of the cranberry extract mainly due to the catabolism of hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids. Of most relevance was the fact that L. plantarum IFPL935 cleaved the heterocyclic ring of monomeric flavan-3-ols, giving rise to 1-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2″,4″,6″-trihydroxyphenyl)­propan-2-ol, activity exhibited by only a few human intestinal bacteria.