Surgical management of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis in pediatric patients

Abstract Introduction Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis (GIB) is a rare fungal disease. We reviewed our experience with this disease over the last 10 years, with special emphasis on the surgical aspects. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted for pediatric patients with GIB who were managed at our institution over the last 10 years. Demographic, clinical, and follow-up data were collected, and descriptive data were generated. Results Nine patients with a median age of 7 years were managed for GIB over the study period. Six patients were managed surgically. Four had colonic and liver involvement, 1 had a left hepatic lesion, and 1 had a porta hepatic mass. One patient had multiple liver lesions and was managed medically, and 2 patients had disseminated disease and died shortly after presentation. Tissue biopsies confirmed the diagnosis, and all received antifungal treatment. Patients were followed up for a median of 6 years. All live patients are free of disease, and 4 are still on antifungal medications. Conclusions Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis is an aggressive disease that requires early surgical intervention to avoid complications and hasten disease eradication. Long-term follow-up is warranted, given the significant potential for complications.