Microsatellite development for the relictual conifer Araucaria araucana (Araucariaceae) using next‐generation sequencing

• Premise of the study: In this study, the 454 GS‐FLX genome sequence system was used for the identification and characterization of microsatellites in Araucaria araucana, one of the most important and endangered species of Chilean and Argentinean native forests. • Methods and Results: A total of 35876 reads were identified, 96% of which were within the size range selected for further analysis. Of these, 1563 contained a microsatellite insert suitable for primer design. Ten simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers provided easily interpretable patterns and were used to evaluate the genetic diversity in four populations of the species. The 10 microsatellites showed high polymorphism levels, with a total of 99 alleles and 32 private alleles. The observed heterozygosity was high and ranged from 0.513 to 0.723. • Conclusions: The primers presented in this study display high genetic diversity and may provide useful information for the design of conservation strategies in Araucaria araucana.