Long-term dynamics in proximity networks in ants

Social insects rely extensively on interactions to coordinate their activities. Some studies have recently explored several attributes of insect colonies from a network perspective, providing evidence of variation in connectivity patterns among group members. The temporal stability of interaction networks, however, has rarely been examined. In this study, ants of the species Odontomachus hastatus were individually equipped with passive microtransponders to collect their spatial positions in artificial nests automatically. Colonies were surveyed for 3 consecutive weeks to build weighted networks of proximity between ants. The analysis revealed important interindividual differences in connectivity patterns and showed that proximity networks were stable over time. The removal of the queen did not impact the patterns of association between workers, confirming that she did not contribute to shaping network structure. Ants forming long-lasting associations with a small number of nestmates exhibited a reduced tendency to move. In contrast, mobile workers were more likely to interact homogeneously with their nestmates and did not display any privileged associations. ► This study examined proximity networks in the ant Odontomachus hastatus. ► Ants showed individual variation in connectivity. ► Ants form preferential and long lasting associations with nestmates. ► The queen does not shape network structure. ► Space use constrains social proximity.