Cognitive development in the absence of object manipulation during infancy

Presents the case of a male born without any limbs who interacted with his environment until he was 21/2 yrs old by looking, listening, and batting and rolling objects with his head and truck. At 21/2 yrs of age S was fitted with a shoulder disarticulation prosthesis. Between 2.9-3.4 yrs of age, S's intellectual abilities were assessed by the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, a sensory motor scale, and recordings of spontaneous language production. Results indicate that on most of the measure S's intellectual functioning was at or near age level.