Visual apprehension and perception in reading

A review of 110 titles. The distinction between range of attention and visual apprehension is pointed out. Calculation of the statistical limen is recommended as the most reliable measure. Data from many studies are presented to show the relationships of visual apprehension to: method of reporting by the subject; differences in material used, dots, lines, letters, digits, etc.; grouping into higher perceptual units; total number of items presented; colors and brightness; length of exposure; practice; age; intelligence; reading and other school achievements; etc. Data are also presented from studies on perception in reading bearing upon the rôle of eye movements; the rôle of total form and of determining letters; and the problem of types of readers.