Investigation of Dosimetric Properties for MAGAT Polymer Gel Dosimeter Embedded with Methylene Blue Dye and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using 6 MV Photon Beam

The zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and methylene blue (MB) were studied with 3D MAGAT polymer gel dosimeters to evaluate the effect of the presence of ZnO NPs and MB. However, there is not even a single study investigating these additives with polymer gel for their dosimetric properties, which must be obtained prior to clinical application, where accurate measurements are essential for radiotherapy to achieve its plan. Therefore, it is necessary to have a minimum set of data known as dosimetric properties. A double-beam spectrophotometer had been used to measure the absorbed dose. The results revealed that the optimum size of ZnO NPs was equal to 20 nm with a sensitivity of (0.03655 a.u Gy -1 ) and reliability of approximately (0.9986).The formulation demonstrated excellent stability and reproducibility over 24, 48, and 72 h, with a standard deviation below 3%. Furthermore, percentage depth dose (PDD) measurements at a range of depths (0–10 cm) fell within a tolerance acceptable in radiotherapy practice, and the dosimeter exhibited independence from field size, showing minimal variation in absorbed dose compared with ionization chamber values. Since this formulation has achieved sufficient reliability, reproducibility, stability, accurate measurements of PDD, and lowering the inaccuracies to less than 3%, then these features make this formulation an excellent choice for dosimeters used as a 3D treatment verification tool in radiotherapy to achieve its plan.