Abstract of interjection and vocative position in Persian grammar and semantics

Vocative is a role that noun accepts it and usually used in Persian language with interjection letters i.e. "Ey", "Ya" and "Alef" that is attached to the end of the noun. By combining the definitions that have been mentioned for vocative in grammar books, it can be concluded that vocative is a noun that is addressed; whether it is a real address or figurative. The verbal symbol of vocative is "Ey" and its synonyms in sentence that sometimes these symbols are deleted from sentence and the change of word's song is replaced it. Vocative and more precisely the core of vocative may be deleted from the sentence. Vocative deletion in sentence is among problems that grammarians have paid less attention to it in vocative subject. In a general overview, vocative can be divided into two mentioned and deleted sectors.When vocative is mentioned in sentence it can be explicit or ironic name but deleted vocative includes following types: 1. Some cases that participle or interpretable phrase to participle is used after the interjection letter (Ey) that sometimes in this case the conjunction letter "Ke" is used after the interjection letter, for example: Ey ke dar koshtan-e ma hich modara nakoni Soud-o sarmaye besouzi-o mohaba nakoni (Hafez, 1990: 340) And sometimes it has been used without "Ke", for example: Ey az banafshe sakhte bar gol mesalha Dar aftab karde ze anbar kolalha (Sanaei, 2001: 801) 2. Some cases that speaker pronouns of "I" and "We" are used after the interjection letter "Ey" and the phrase after the letter "Ey" can be totally considered as an adjective for the deleted core of vocative, for example: Narges kereshme mibarad az had boroun khoram Ey man faday-e shive-ye chashme siyah-e to (Hafez, 1990: 284) In Persian texts, some evidences are also found that the letter "Ey" is not used for addressing in them.In the structure of these types, no vocative has been mentioned in the sentence and deleted vocative cannot be distinguished but interjection can be considered as some particles to express surprise or wish, for example: Doush ba simin senobar dar nahan sar dashtam to express surprise: Ey khosh an yadi ke ba simin senobar dashtam (Amir Moezi, 2006: 423) Dar shahr-o dar biaban hamrah-e an mahimtowish: Ey jan gholam-o bande-ye an mah-e khosh-legha (mawlavi, 1997: 66) In rhetorical books under the semantics topics, exclamatory sentences are classified as composition seeking types that like other sentences, the secondary intentions and meanings have been ment