A qualitative study of patients’ experience during vaginal examination & transvaginal ultrasound in a tertiary hospital in Singapore

Background and objectives Vaginal digital examination and transvaginal ultrasound are routinely for clinical assessment. Many women find these procedures uncomfortable, embarrassing, and stressful. Negative experiences increase anxiety and discomfort experienced during subsequent examinations. Emotional distress and fear of pain result in women avoiding gynaecological screening and follow-up. This study uses qualitative methods to evaluate the experience of patients who have undergone both vaginal digital and transvaginal ultrasound examinations, collectively called pelvic examinations (PE) in the outpatient setting of a tertiary hospital in Singapore. Methods Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted on 12 participants aged 30-57 years. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, audited, and analysed iteratively based on grounded theory. Emergent themes were first externally validated and finalized after rounds of deliberations amongst the investigators. This included descriptions and concepts reflecting the most important matters experienced by participants. Results Majority of participants found PE unpleasant and uncomfortable especially when providers were perceived to have poor communication and examination skills. Factors that improve their experience include a conducive environment that is, privacy, dim lights, and warm lubricant. Having adequate information before and during the procedure was important especially for first time. Conclusion Patient-centred care ensures a positive experience in relation to the themes found in this study. Gaps in HCP training on communication and procedure skills should be addressed. Efforts should be made improve the clinic environment and provide adequate information to patients.