Eco-friendly preparation of V2O5/g-C3N4 nanosheets as efficient high-performance supercapacitor electrode material

V 2 O 5 /g-C 3 N 4 composites including g-C 3 N 4 nanosheet carbon have been widely studied to solve challenges such as poor intrinsic electrical conductivity, substantial irreversibility, and exceptional stability. A time-saving hydrothermal autoclave synthesis method was used to fuse V 2 O 5 /g-C 3 N 4 composite strands. V 2 O 5 /g-C 3 N 4 composite is a hybrid nanoparticle with important properties for the electrode of a supercapacitor that has been studied and published. The phase structure, space group, and crystallite size of nanoparticles were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak examination. The resulting materials are analyzed using the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The average crystalline diameters of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ), vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ), and V 2 O 5 /g-C 3 N 4 composites are 28 nm, 16 nm, and 12 nm, respectively. FESEM determines the distribution of V 2 O 5 throughout the g-C₃N₄ nanosheets. XPS detects the elements present in the composite, confirming the presence of V, O, C, and N. The V 2 O 5 /g-C 3 N 4 composite provides insights into the surface chemistry and probable interactions between V₂O₅ and g-C₃N₄. V 2 O 5 /g-C 3 N 4 nanoparticles have a specific capacitance of 286.54 F/g and are estimated at 2 A/g using the galvanostatic charge–discharge technique, which provides superior stability even after 3000 charge/discharge cycles. Their remarkable performance is due to the synergistic impact of g-C 3 N 4 and V 2 O 5 /g-C 3 N 4 . Such outstanding results may open up new possibilities for these electrode materials in high-energy–density storage devices. The composites also showed high cycle stability due to the peculiar structure of the V 2 O 5 and synergy with g-C 3 N 4 .