Estimating glacier dynamics and supraglacial lakes together with associated regional hazards using high-resolution datasets in Pamir

Recent climate dynamics denote patterns and variations in climatic conditions and associated cryospheric changes in the Pamir region, affecting downstream ecosystems and communities. The present investigation describes changes in Baralmos glacier and supraglacial lakes, along with related hazards, using meteorological observations, reanalysis products, and high-resolution satellite imagery from 2002 to 2022. Moreover, observations using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) were conducted between 2020 and 2022 to document recent variations. Reanalysis data suggested that there are no obvious trends in annual air temperature and precipitation except for a significant temperature rise in July (the warmest month) of about 1.34°C/decade ( p