Optimization and simulation of water distribution network system: A comprehensive review

Water supply system (WSS) play a crucial role in delivering clean, safe and suffficient quantity water at required pressure to communities. They encompass a network of infrastructure that captures, treats, and distributes water. However, ensuring efficient distribution with appropriate pressures and quantities requires intricate designs and regular maintenance. Several software tools, such as JalTantra, WaterGEMS and WaterCAD, have emerged optimization and design of water distribution system. This study reviews various methodologies and applications of these tools in different case studies and their comparison. This study overview the water supply system (WSS), their components, and design considerations. Specific instances where these software tools were used, such as in Surat city, Ramtek town, Makurdi university of agriculture, and Deulgaon Gada village are reviewed and studied. The software’s capabilities range from determining optimal pipe sizes to predicting pressure drops across a network. In conclusion, software tools offer a reliable, efficient, and economic solution in designing water distribution networks, emphasizing their importance in modern water supply system (WSS) design and management. These applications help to validate the precision of the software tools compared to traditional manual methods and also suggest improvements in existing systems.