Coproduction with Service Users in Adult Social Work: A Study of Service Users’ and Social Workers’ Experiences in Northern Ireland

Involving service users, in the delivery of health and social care, is a focal point in social policy discourse. Coproduction has become synonymous with anti-oppressive practice and service user empowerment. This article reports on a qualitative study carried out in Northern Ireland which explored service user involvement in adult social care practice and policy development. Semi-structured interviews were completed with service users (n = 6) and social workers (n = 7); thematic analysis was applied to the resultant data. The study was coproduced with service users who informed the research design and were actively involved throughout each phase of the study. Findings suggest that service users are motivated to participate in coproduction and can feel valued in these roles, but meaningful coproduction is a challenge in the current practice environment. Close working relationships, with clear and consistent communication are difficult to maintain amid the current trend of bureaucratisation in our profession. Findings point towards the need for a service-user/social worker alliance which can challenge problematic organisational cultures. Remuneration for service users, engaged in coproduction, is encouraged, alongside organisational recognition of the time and resource necessary for effective coproduction. A procedural and ethical framework for coproduction practices would also be timely. This article reflects the views and experiences of service users and social workers engaged in coproduction activities in adult social work. Useful insights into enabling factors and challenges are reported. Relationships characterised by trust, openness, honesty and equality were key enablers of good coproduciton. When service users contributions are valued and social workers engage in inclusive practice, coproduction is both positive and productive. However, achieving meaningful coproduction can be difficult, particularly in the current environment, barriers remain, some related to equality in the process, communication and accessibility. We suggest the way forward in challenging the issues involves the creation of stronger alliances between social workers and service users. Good organisational support is required to achieve this, with recognition that effective coproduction requires the investment of time and resources.