Analysis of Urban Spatial Morphology in Harbin: A Study Based on Building Characteristics and Driving Factors

With the advancement of urbanization, the complexity and diversity of urban spatial forms have become increasingly prominent, profoundly and widely affecting aspects such as urban spatial layout and planning, as well as residents’ quality of life. This paper focuses on the buildings in Harbin City, comprehensively reflecting the spatial form of Harbin through multiple dimensions including building height, volume, and area. This research precisely quantifies three key indicators of urban buildings: building coverage, building expandability, and building staggeredness. Subsequently, these indicators are intertwined with the main driving factors of urban development (including economic development and resident population) to conduct a multidimensional spatial form analysis. The results indicate that the diversity of Harbin’s urban spatial form is the result of the interplay of multiple factors, including economic and demographic influences. These analytical outcomes not only reveal the evolution mechanism of Harbin’s current urban spatial form but also provide data support and theoretical basis for future urban planning and management.