Optimal design of public transport networks (lines) in Kirkuk City using GIS-based AHP

This study developed an approach for creating the best possible Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system in Kirkuk City, Iraq, by combining the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Geographic Information System (GIS) modeling. The main goals are survey data collecting to determine transportation requirements, GIS modeling to assess possible BRT route alignments, route prioritizing based on AHP, and geographic analysis to identify appropriate station sites. The methodological approach uses GIS to seamlessly combine a variety of quantitative studies with qualitative stakeholder interviews. Subsequent quantitative studies, such as AHP-based decision modeling, network analysis, overlay analysis, and appropriateness modeling, are informed by qualitative inputs. Quantitatively speaking, the study optimizes BRT routes by means of a thorough appropriateness analysis, indicating a significant degree of variability in the 210.52 km² study region. AHP pairwise comparisons revealed that land use (0.0505) and population density (0.0832) were the two most significant characteristics. Suitability rankings vary from 105.91 to 291.91. Based on these findings, the study suggests seven BRT lines that range in length from 11.151 km to 27.158 km. Notably, Line 1, which is 17.813 kilometers long and intended for 10,000–15,000 users per day, has 31 stops and a max frequency of 10 minutes. The study’s quantitative methodology is also used to determine operational needs, such as the number of buses (which can range from two to twenty-four) and the approximate round-trip time (1.425 hours). The suggested BRT lines are strategically aligned with locations that are highly suited, guaranteeing thorough coverage in residential zones and city centers. The study emphasizes the value of carefully developing the infrastructure of bus stops, with a focus on scalability and capacity matching with anticipated demand. Dynamic modeling provides a prospective perspective for ridership projections by accounting for shifting land use and population growth. A dynamic and adaptive approach is called for by the study, which acknowledges the inherent fluidity of urban surroundings.