Investigation of Inverse Spinel (Magnetite-Fe3O4) Particle Prepared and Structural, Magnetic, Morphological, Thermal Stability, Optical, Compositional, and Functional Analysis for Supercapacitor Application

The magnetite of the Fe 3 O 4 sample was prepared using the hydrothermal autoclave method, and a prepared sample was analyzed with structural, morphological, magnetical, elements, and functional group analysis from the XRD, SEM, VSM, EDAX, and FT-IR methods, respectively. The diffraction result confirmed the prepared particle as FCC structure (Fe 3 O 4 ), which corresponded to JCPDS card number 75–1372. The VSM result exhibited the hysteresis loop and loop confirmation that the prepared sample has magnetic (Ferri) properties at room temperature. From the hysteresis graph, the materials were prepared as a soft magnetic nature. SEM–EDS results confirmed that particles are highly agglomerated (octahedron) and that the material contains only the desired elements, such as iron and oxygen, with no other elements observed in the material. On the other hand, XPS has been observed with carbon due sample being exposed to the room atmosphere after preparation which may carbon contamination of the surface. TGA result confirms that the sample was highly stable up to 1250 K. FT-IR results confirmed that the Fe–O bond was observed at 600 Cm −1 . The maximum specific capacitance of 302 F/g was attained in a low scan rate such as 5 mv, and it decreased up to 12 F/g.