From weight loss to vein thrombosis: Unveiling portomesenteric vein thrombosis after bariatric surgery

Portomesenteric vein thrombosis (PMVT) is an uncommon yet serious complication that can arise from bariatric surgery, posing a risk to the patient’s life. According to research findings, the occurrence of PMVT following bariatric procedures is estimated to range from 0.3% to 1%. It is worth noting that most cases tend to occur within the initial month following the surgery. Risk factors for PMVT include hereditary thrombophilia, advanced age, obesity, and a history of venous thromboembolism. Confirming a diagnosis of PMVT can be quite challenging as its symptoms are not very specific. In order to confirm the diagnosis, additional imaging studies like CT or MRI are often necessary. Management of PMVT typically involves anticoagulation therapy, although the optimal duration and intensity of treatment remain uncertain. Despite advances in the understanding and management of PMVT, further studies are needed to better define its incidence, risk factors, and optimal management strategies in the bariatric population. This review aims to address knowledge gaps, identify research opportunities, and offer valuable insights into preventing and treating PMVT in bariatric patients.