ELECTRICAL PROTECTION AND CONTROL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT STEPS, AN OVERVIEW

A power system is not only capable to meet the present load but also has the flexibility to meet the future demands. A power system is designed to generate electric power in sufficient quantity, to meet the present and estimated future demands of the users in a particular area, to transmit it to the areas where it will be used and then distribute it within that area, on a continuous basis. Using the optimum protection and control systems with the high voltage substations are considered as the main objectives to save the system is reliable and curate operation. The protection system in high voltage substation had started by the electro–mechanical relays which improved to electrostatic relays and updated to the numerical protection relays. The switching and control of the substations had started depending on the manpower for operation and supervising the system which improved to depend on the SCADA system. This paper introduces the steps and the operation function of using the electro–mechanical, electrostatic designs and numerical relays to protect the electrical equipment in high voltage substations. Also, this paper study the improvement of the control and supervising the high voltage substations that reached now to depend on the IEC 61850 communication protocol for the optimum automation system.