Hybrid Polyvinyl Alcohol-Silica Antibacterial Nanofiber Fabricated by Combined Sol-Gel and Electrospinning Techniques

Organic-inorganic hybrids are valuable due to their combined properties. This study fabricated polymer-silica hybrid nanofibers with antibacterial properties using silica and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) through sol-gel and electrospinning methods. The nanofibers, incorporating chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTS) and Benzalkonium chloride (BAC), were analyzed for their morphology, chemical composition, mechanical properties, thermal properties, and antibacterial activity. Optimal characteristics in fibrous structure, mechanical strength, and antibacterial efficiency were achieved with a blended 8% wt PVA. Sample H, containing 1% BAC, showed significant bacterial growth inhibition (20 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and 9.2 mm for Escherichia coli), along with enhanced thermal stability (260.41 °C) and tensile strength (12.4 MPa). This study demonstrates the potential of electrospinning in creating advanced hybrid nanofibers with diverse applications in the medical field. Graphical Abstract Highlights Fabrication of polymer-silica hybrid nanofibers with outstanding antibacterial properties. Utilization of sol-gel and electrospinning methods in the fabrication process. Comprehensive analysis of nanofiber morphology, chemical composition, mechanical and thermal properties, and antibacterial activity. Highlighting the potential of electrospinning for creating advanced hybrid nanofibers with versatile applications.