Dietary Creatine Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Improving Lipid Catabolism in the Herbivorous Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella

Herein, our goal was to explore the creatine role in the fat suppression of grass carp (GC). In vivo, four semipurified diets containing 5% lipid (normal diet, ND), 8% lipid (high-fat diet, HFD), 8%lipid+1%creatine (HFD+CR1), and 8%lipid+2%creatine (HFD+CR2) were designed and formulated, which were fed to juvenile GC (18.51±0.04 g) for 56 days. HFD significantly increased the intraperitoneal fat index as well as the serum and hepatic triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels compared to ND; these effects were all attenuated following the addition of creatine in HFD (p