Operational management science of sustainable brick manufacturing using fluoride-enriched marble slurry and parthenium weeds

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a sustainable brick that incorporates marble slurry and parthenium weed waste as additives. This innovation aims to reduce environmental pollution, lower energy consumption, and promote circular economy and sustainable agriculture. Additionally, the study involves surveying brick kiln vendors to assess their willingness to adopt these eco-friendly bricks. This research objective is to palliate 'Environmental Pollution', lessen energy usage and support sustainable agriculture and in-result promote circular economy. The review of existing literature assesses the outcomes of the study. Explores examples, from Russia, China and Uzbekistan to offer a broader perspective on the proposed solutions. Method: The study was conducted in the vicinity of brick kilns near Peshawar, Pakistan. Clay bricks were prepared with varying percentages (5% to 50%) of marble slurry and parthenium biomass. These bricks were molded, dried, and fired at 950°C. The chemical composition and mechanical strength of the bricks were analyzed. A survey was also conducted with 40 brick kiln vendors and local farmers to gauge their receptiveness to using these new bricks. Results: The results indicated that adding marble slurry and parthenium biomass to bricks can significantly reduce HF emissions, a major pollutant from brick kilns. Optimal addition of 15-20% of these additives was found to maintain sufficient mechanical strength (above 20 MPa) while reducing water absorption. Survey responses showed initial reluctance but increased interest among brick kiln vendors when presented with the environmental and economic benefits. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study concludes that incorporating marble slurry and parthenium biomass into bricks can effectively reduce HF emissions and improve environmental sustainability. It recommends further research to scale up this practice and apply it in other regions. Additionally, it suggests providing financial incentives and training to brick kiln operators to encourage the adoption of this sustainable technology, aligning with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 11, 12, and 13.