Effects of dietary immunostimulants on the growth and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeons (Huso huso♀ × Acipenser ruthenus♂)
Herein, we investigated the effects of immunostimulants on the growth, immune responses, and post-infection survival of hybrid sturgeons ( Huso huso ♀ × Acipenser ruthenus ♂). Therefore, we examined the effects of dietary supplementation of β -glucan, vitamin C, and Radix Bupleuri (Chaihu) extract...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Discover Applied Sciences 2024-09, Vol.6 (9), p.475, Article 475 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | |
---|---|
container_issue | 9 |
container_start_page | 475 |
container_title | Discover Applied Sciences |
container_volume | 6 |
creator | Chuang, Hsiang-Chieh Lee, Yi-De Cheng, Ann‐Chang |
description | Herein, we investigated the effects of immunostimulants on the growth, immune responses, and post-infection survival of hybrid sturgeons (
Huso huso
♀ ×
Acipenser ruthenus
♂). Therefore, we examined the effects of dietary supplementation of
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and
Radix Bupleuri
(Chaihu) extract (RBE) at various concentrations (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% incorporated through feed) on the growth rate and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeon. When supplemented individually, these immunostimulants significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio while promoting weight gain, with the vitamin C-administered groups showing the most pronounced differences. Further, we observed that dietary
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE, when fed at 0.4 and 0.6% concentrations, significantly enhanced the rates of superoxide anion production and phagocytosis by head kidney leukocytes. Moreover, vitamin C and RBE supplementation at 0.4 and 0.6% and
β
-glucan supplementation at 0.6% concentration significantly increased the serum lysozyme activity. Further, vitamin C and
β
-glucan supplementation at 0.6% and RBE supplementation at 0.4 and 0.6% concentrations showed the highest survival rates after
Aeromonas hydrophila
infection. In conclusion, our findings highlight that the dietary supplementation of
β
-glucan, vitamin C, or RBE in appropriate concentrations can significantly enhance superoxide anion production and phagocytic activity of leukocytes, serum lysozyme activity, and the survival of hybrid sturgeons after
A. hydrophila
infection. Our results suggest that incorporating immunostimulants such as Chinese medicinal herbs at optimal levels can effectively boost the growth, immunity, and disease resistance of hybrid sturgeons in aquaculture. These results provide valuable insights for future studies on the inclusion of immunostimulants in aquaculture feed.
Highlights
Adding immunostimulants
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and
Radix Bupleuri
(Chaihu) extract (RBE) to hybrid sturgeon food can significantly improve food conversion and weight gain rates, with the addition of vitamin C being the most significant.
β
-glucan
,
vitamin C, and RBE influence the innate immune system of hybrid sturgeon.
Adding immunostimulants
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE to hybrid sturgeon food can prevent
A. hydrophila
infection.
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE are potential immunostimulants for hybrid sturgeon breeding. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s42452-024-06177-6 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_3099949380</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3099949380</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c244t-93031363b46e0b49a3f3fe034a9e95d552aa6b521855d8d09d658e0e2861ed6a3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kM9KxDAQxosoKOu-gKeAFz1U0_zb5iiiriB40XNI2-k2sk1q0iLexJtnD7LP45vskxi3gp68TMLM933D_JLkIMMnGcaz08AI4yTFhKVYZLNZKraSPYoxSyUR2faf_24yDcEUmDNGqKByL3m_qGso-4BcjSoDvfbPyLTtYF3oTTsstf2eWdQ3gBbePfUN0rZC1tk0dFCa2pSjHpCH0DkbYJPVPBfeVCj0g19A7KKj-RAcamJZr17WL2-fH7GclaaDaPHID3GDHcJ69Xq8n-zUehlg-vNOkvvLi7vzeXpze3V9fnaTloSxPpUU0yxeUTABuGBS05rWgCnTEiSvOCdai4KTLOe8yissK8FzwEBykUElNJ0kh2Nu593jAKFXD27wNq5UFEspmaQ5jioyqkrvQvBQq86bNnJSGVbf_NXIX0X-asNfiWiioylEsV2A_43-x_UFTUOPOw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3099949380</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Effects of dietary immunostimulants on the growth and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeons (Huso huso♀ × Acipenser ruthenus♂)</title><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>Springer Nature OA/Free Journals</source><creator>Chuang, Hsiang-Chieh ; Lee, Yi-De ; Cheng, Ann‐Chang</creator><creatorcontrib>Chuang, Hsiang-Chieh ; Lee, Yi-De ; Cheng, Ann‐Chang</creatorcontrib><description>Herein, we investigated the effects of immunostimulants on the growth, immune responses, and post-infection survival of hybrid sturgeons (
Huso huso
♀ ×
Acipenser ruthenus
♂). Therefore, we examined the effects of dietary supplementation of
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and
Radix Bupleuri
(Chaihu) extract (RBE) at various concentrations (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% incorporated through feed) on the growth rate and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeon. When supplemented individually, these immunostimulants significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio while promoting weight gain, with the vitamin C-administered groups showing the most pronounced differences. Further, we observed that dietary
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE, when fed at 0.4 and 0.6% concentrations, significantly enhanced the rates of superoxide anion production and phagocytosis by head kidney leukocytes. Moreover, vitamin C and RBE supplementation at 0.4 and 0.6% and
β
-glucan supplementation at 0.6% concentration significantly increased the serum lysozyme activity. Further, vitamin C and
β
-glucan supplementation at 0.6% and RBE supplementation at 0.4 and 0.6% concentrations showed the highest survival rates after
Aeromonas hydrophila
infection. In conclusion, our findings highlight that the dietary supplementation of
β
-glucan, vitamin C, or RBE in appropriate concentrations can significantly enhance superoxide anion production and phagocytic activity of leukocytes, serum lysozyme activity, and the survival of hybrid sturgeons after
A. hydrophila
infection. Our results suggest that incorporating immunostimulants such as Chinese medicinal herbs at optimal levels can effectively boost the growth, immunity, and disease resistance of hybrid sturgeons in aquaculture. These results provide valuable insights for future studies on the inclusion of immunostimulants in aquaculture feed.
Highlights
Adding immunostimulants
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and
Radix Bupleuri
(Chaihu) extract (RBE) to hybrid sturgeon food can significantly improve food conversion and weight gain rates, with the addition of vitamin C being the most significant.
β
-glucan
,
vitamin C, and RBE influence the innate immune system of hybrid sturgeon.
Adding immunostimulants
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE to hybrid sturgeon food can prevent
A. hydrophila
infection.
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE are potential immunostimulants for hybrid sturgeon breeding.</description><identifier>ISSN: 3004-9261</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2523-3963</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 3004-9261</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2523-3971</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s42452-024-06177-6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Acipenser ruthenus ; Acipenseridae ; Anions ; Antibiotics ; Applied and Technical Physics ; Aquaculture ; Aquaculture feeds ; Ascorbic acid ; Body weight gain ; Chemistry/Food Science ; Conversion ratio ; Dietary supplements ; Disease resistance ; Earth Sciences ; Engineering ; Environment ; Experiments ; Feed conversion ; Feeds ; Fish oils ; Food ; Food cans ; Food conversion ; Glucan ; Granulocytes ; Herbal medicine ; Huso huso ; Immune response ; Immune system ; Immunity (Disease) ; Immunostimulants ; Innate immunity ; Kidneys ; Leukocytes ; Lysozyme ; Materials Science ; Medicinal herbs ; Medicinal plants ; Phagocytes ; Phagocytosis ; Physiology ; Sturgeon ; Superoxide anions ; Survival ; Vitamin C ; Water quality ; Water temperature ; β-Glucan</subject><ispartof>Discover Applied Sciences, 2024-09, Vol.6 (9), p.475, Article 475</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2024</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c244t-93031363b46e0b49a3f3fe034a9e95d552aa6b521855d8d09d658e0e2861ed6a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,860,27901,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chuang, Hsiang-Chieh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Yi-De</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Ann‐Chang</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of dietary immunostimulants on the growth and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeons (Huso huso♀ × Acipenser ruthenus♂)</title><title>Discover Applied Sciences</title><addtitle>Discov Appl Sci</addtitle><description>Herein, we investigated the effects of immunostimulants on the growth, immune responses, and post-infection survival of hybrid sturgeons (
Huso huso
♀ ×
Acipenser ruthenus
♂). Therefore, we examined the effects of dietary supplementation of
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and
Radix Bupleuri
(Chaihu) extract (RBE) at various concentrations (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% incorporated through feed) on the growth rate and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeon. When supplemented individually, these immunostimulants significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio while promoting weight gain, with the vitamin C-administered groups showing the most pronounced differences. Further, we observed that dietary
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE, when fed at 0.4 and 0.6% concentrations, significantly enhanced the rates of superoxide anion production and phagocytosis by head kidney leukocytes. Moreover, vitamin C and RBE supplementation at 0.4 and 0.6% and
β
-glucan supplementation at 0.6% concentration significantly increased the serum lysozyme activity. Further, vitamin C and
β
-glucan supplementation at 0.6% and RBE supplementation at 0.4 and 0.6% concentrations showed the highest survival rates after
Aeromonas hydrophila
infection. In conclusion, our findings highlight that the dietary supplementation of
β
-glucan, vitamin C, or RBE in appropriate concentrations can significantly enhance superoxide anion production and phagocytic activity of leukocytes, serum lysozyme activity, and the survival of hybrid sturgeons after
A. hydrophila
infection. Our results suggest that incorporating immunostimulants such as Chinese medicinal herbs at optimal levels can effectively boost the growth, immunity, and disease resistance of hybrid sturgeons in aquaculture. These results provide valuable insights for future studies on the inclusion of immunostimulants in aquaculture feed.
Highlights
Adding immunostimulants
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and
Radix Bupleuri
(Chaihu) extract (RBE) to hybrid sturgeon food can significantly improve food conversion and weight gain rates, with the addition of vitamin C being the most significant.
β
-glucan
,
vitamin C, and RBE influence the innate immune system of hybrid sturgeon.
Adding immunostimulants
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE to hybrid sturgeon food can prevent
A. hydrophila
infection.
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE are potential immunostimulants for hybrid sturgeon breeding.</description><subject>Acipenser ruthenus</subject><subject>Acipenseridae</subject><subject>Anions</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Applied and Technical Physics</subject><subject>Aquaculture</subject><subject>Aquaculture feeds</subject><subject>Ascorbic acid</subject><subject>Body weight gain</subject><subject>Chemistry/Food Science</subject><subject>Conversion ratio</subject><subject>Dietary supplements</subject><subject>Disease resistance</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Feed conversion</subject><subject>Feeds</subject><subject>Fish oils</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Food cans</subject><subject>Food conversion</subject><subject>Glucan</subject><subject>Granulocytes</subject><subject>Herbal medicine</subject><subject>Huso huso</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunity (Disease)</subject><subject>Immunostimulants</subject><subject>Innate immunity</subject><subject>Kidneys</subject><subject>Leukocytes</subject><subject>Lysozyme</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><subject>Medicinal herbs</subject><subject>Medicinal plants</subject><subject>Phagocytes</subject><subject>Phagocytosis</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Sturgeon</subject><subject>Superoxide anions</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>Vitamin C</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>Water temperature</subject><subject>β-Glucan</subject><issn>3004-9261</issn><issn>2523-3963</issn><issn>3004-9261</issn><issn>2523-3971</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kM9KxDAQxosoKOu-gKeAFz1U0_zb5iiiriB40XNI2-k2sk1q0iLexJtnD7LP45vskxi3gp68TMLM933D_JLkIMMnGcaz08AI4yTFhKVYZLNZKraSPYoxSyUR2faf_24yDcEUmDNGqKByL3m_qGso-4BcjSoDvfbPyLTtYF3oTTsstf2eWdQ3gBbePfUN0rZC1tk0dFCa2pSjHpCH0DkbYJPVPBfeVCj0g19A7KKj-RAcamJZr17WL2-fH7GclaaDaPHID3GDHcJ69Xq8n-zUehlg-vNOkvvLi7vzeXpze3V9fnaTloSxPpUU0yxeUTABuGBS05rWgCnTEiSvOCdai4KTLOe8yissK8FzwEBykUElNJ0kh2Nu593jAKFXD27wNq5UFEspmaQ5jioyqkrvQvBQq86bNnJSGVbf_NXIX0X-asNfiWiioylEsV2A_43-x_UFTUOPOw</recordid><startdate>20240902</startdate><enddate>20240902</enddate><creator>Chuang, Hsiang-Chieh</creator><creator>Lee, Yi-De</creator><creator>Cheng, Ann‐Chang</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20240902</creationdate><title>Effects of dietary immunostimulants on the growth and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeons (Huso huso♀ × Acipenser ruthenus♂)</title><author>Chuang, Hsiang-Chieh ; Lee, Yi-De ; Cheng, Ann‐Chang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c244t-93031363b46e0b49a3f3fe034a9e95d552aa6b521855d8d09d658e0e2861ed6a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Acipenser ruthenus</topic><topic>Acipenseridae</topic><topic>Anions</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Applied and Technical Physics</topic><topic>Aquaculture</topic><topic>Aquaculture feeds</topic><topic>Ascorbic acid</topic><topic>Body weight gain</topic><topic>Chemistry/Food Science</topic><topic>Conversion ratio</topic><topic>Dietary supplements</topic><topic>Disease resistance</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Engineering</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Feed conversion</topic><topic>Feeds</topic><topic>Fish oils</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Food cans</topic><topic>Food conversion</topic><topic>Glucan</topic><topic>Granulocytes</topic><topic>Herbal medicine</topic><topic>Huso huso</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>Immunity (Disease)</topic><topic>Immunostimulants</topic><topic>Innate immunity</topic><topic>Kidneys</topic><topic>Leukocytes</topic><topic>Lysozyme</topic><topic>Materials Science</topic><topic>Medicinal herbs</topic><topic>Medicinal plants</topic><topic>Phagocytes</topic><topic>Phagocytosis</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Sturgeon</topic><topic>Superoxide anions</topic><topic>Survival</topic><topic>Vitamin C</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><topic>Water temperature</topic><topic>β-Glucan</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chuang, Hsiang-Chieh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Yi-De</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Ann‐Chang</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA/Free Journals</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Discover Applied Sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chuang, Hsiang-Chieh</au><au>Lee, Yi-De</au><au>Cheng, Ann‐Chang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of dietary immunostimulants on the growth and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeons (Huso huso♀ × Acipenser ruthenus♂)</atitle><jtitle>Discover Applied Sciences</jtitle><stitle>Discov Appl Sci</stitle><date>2024-09-02</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>475</spage><pages>475-</pages><artnum>475</artnum><issn>3004-9261</issn><issn>2523-3963</issn><eissn>3004-9261</eissn><eissn>2523-3971</eissn><abstract>Herein, we investigated the effects of immunostimulants on the growth, immune responses, and post-infection survival of hybrid sturgeons (
Huso huso
♀ ×
Acipenser ruthenus
♂). Therefore, we examined the effects of dietary supplementation of
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and
Radix Bupleuri
(Chaihu) extract (RBE) at various concentrations (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% incorporated through feed) on the growth rate and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeon. When supplemented individually, these immunostimulants significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio while promoting weight gain, with the vitamin C-administered groups showing the most pronounced differences. Further, we observed that dietary
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE, when fed at 0.4 and 0.6% concentrations, significantly enhanced the rates of superoxide anion production and phagocytosis by head kidney leukocytes. Moreover, vitamin C and RBE supplementation at 0.4 and 0.6% and
β
-glucan supplementation at 0.6% concentration significantly increased the serum lysozyme activity. Further, vitamin C and
β
-glucan supplementation at 0.6% and RBE supplementation at 0.4 and 0.6% concentrations showed the highest survival rates after
Aeromonas hydrophila
infection. In conclusion, our findings highlight that the dietary supplementation of
β
-glucan, vitamin C, or RBE in appropriate concentrations can significantly enhance superoxide anion production and phagocytic activity of leukocytes, serum lysozyme activity, and the survival of hybrid sturgeons after
A. hydrophila
infection. Our results suggest that incorporating immunostimulants such as Chinese medicinal herbs at optimal levels can effectively boost the growth, immunity, and disease resistance of hybrid sturgeons in aquaculture. These results provide valuable insights for future studies on the inclusion of immunostimulants in aquaculture feed.
Highlights
Adding immunostimulants
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and
Radix Bupleuri
(Chaihu) extract (RBE) to hybrid sturgeon food can significantly improve food conversion and weight gain rates, with the addition of vitamin C being the most significant.
β
-glucan
,
vitamin C, and RBE influence the innate immune system of hybrid sturgeon.
Adding immunostimulants
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE to hybrid sturgeon food can prevent
A. hydrophila
infection.
β
-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE are potential immunostimulants for hybrid sturgeon breeding.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><doi>10.1007/s42452-024-06177-6</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 3004-9261 |
ispartof | Discover Applied Sciences, 2024-09, Vol.6 (9), p.475, Article 475 |
issn | 3004-9261 2523-3963 3004-9261 2523-3971 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_3099949380 |
source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; SpringerLink Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection; Springer Nature OA/Free Journals |
subjects | Acipenser ruthenus Acipenseridae Anions Antibiotics Applied and Technical Physics Aquaculture Aquaculture feeds Ascorbic acid Body weight gain Chemistry/Food Science Conversion ratio Dietary supplements Disease resistance Earth Sciences Engineering Environment Experiments Feed conversion Feeds Fish oils Food Food cans Food conversion Glucan Granulocytes Herbal medicine Huso huso Immune response Immune system Immunity (Disease) Immunostimulants Innate immunity Kidneys Leukocytes Lysozyme Materials Science Medicinal herbs Medicinal plants Phagocytes Phagocytosis Physiology Sturgeon Superoxide anions Survival Vitamin C Water quality Water temperature β-Glucan |
title | Effects of dietary immunostimulants on the growth and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeons (Huso huso♀ × Acipenser ruthenus♂) |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-15T02%3A24%3A32IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effects%20of%20dietary%20immunostimulants%20on%20the%20growth%20and%20non-specific%20immune%20responses%20of%20hybrid%20sturgeons%20(Huso%20huso%E2%99%80%E2%80%89%C3%97%E2%80%89Acipenser%20ruthenus%E2%99%82)&rft.jtitle=Discover%20Applied%20Sciences&rft.au=Chuang,%20Hsiang-Chieh&rft.date=2024-09-02&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=475&rft.pages=475-&rft.artnum=475&rft.issn=3004-9261&rft.eissn=3004-9261&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s42452-024-06177-6&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E3099949380%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3099949380&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |